Development and high yield strategies of microbial-derived antibiotics in agriculture / 生物工程学报

The development of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, and low-residue green pesticides is the main trend of pesticide research, and the microbial-derived antibiotics are one of the essential parts of green pesticides and play a significant role in agriculture. With the development of microbial genomics technology, metabolic engineering, high-throughput screening and other technologies, the research on new microbial-derived antibiotics has entered a new stage in agriculture. Here we briefly summarize the types of new microbial-derived antibiotics developed in agriculture over the past decade. We also introduce the research strategies for high-yield breeding and fermentation of antibiotic-producing strains in agriculture. This review may provide references for the future development of agricultural antibiotics.

Comparative analysis of oncology features of CT signs and expression of circ0008234 and miR-1205 in breast cancer / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of circ0008234 and miR-1205 in breast cancer and the oncology characteristics of CT.Methods:40 patients with breast cancer were collected as observational objects from Jan.2018 to Dec.2018 and 40 patients without breast cancer were selected as the control group. The expression levels of circ0008234 and miR-1205 of all patients were estimated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatics was used for the predictions of circ0008234 target miRNA. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interaction between circ0008234 and miR-1205. All patients of the observation group were examined by multi-slice CT. CT images were analyzed through observing tumor size, shape, calcification area, lymph node metastasis and margin. The correlation between CT signs and the expression of circ0008234 and miR-1205 was further analyzed.Results:The levels of circ0008234 of observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (2.23±0.86, 1.07±0.37, P=0.00) , but the expression levels of miR-1205 were lower than the control group (0.76±0.29, 1.04±0.29, P=0.00) . In the observation group, there were no significant differences in the expression of circ0008234 and miR-1205 among patients with different tumor marginal morphology and micro calcifications. However the expression of circ0008234 in patients with regular lump form were significantly higher than those in patients with inregular form (2.52±0.88, 1.91±0.74, P=0.025) , and the expression of miR-1205 were lower than those in patients with inregular form (0.66±0.30, 0.86±0.25, P=0.025) . In the observation group, the expression of circ0008234 in patients with mass diameter≥2 cm were significantly higher than those in patients with mass diameter<2 cm (2.59±0.95, 1.69±0.17, P=0.001) , but the expression of miR-1205 were lower than those in patients with mass diameter<2 cm (0.65±0.21, 0.92±0.33, P=0.003) . In the observation group, the expression of circ0008234 in patients with lymph node metastasis were higher than those without lymph node metastasis (2.55±1.09, 1.94±0.44, P=0.022) , but the expression of miR-1205 in patients with lymph node metastasis were lower than those without lymph node metastasis (0.65±0.26, 0.85±0.30, P=0.027) . miR-1205 was verified as a direct target of circ0008234 by luciferase assay. circ0008234 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-1205. Conclusion:There is a correlation between CT imaging signs and the expression of circ0008234 and miR-1205 in patients with breast cancer, which can provide more reference for the judgment of malignant degree and prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

Automatic multi-region segmentation of intracoronary optical coherence tomography images based on neutrosophic theory / 生物医学工程学杂志

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a key technique in the diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis, which can identify plaques and vulnerable plaques in the image. Therefore, this technique is of great significance for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. However, there is still a lack of automatic, multi-region, high-precision segmentation algorithms for coronary OCT images in the current research field. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-zone, fully automated segmentation algorithm for coronary OCT images based on neutrosophic theory, which achieves high-precision segmentation of fibrous plaques and lipid regions. In this paper, the method of transforming OCT images into T in the area of neutrosophics is redefined based on the membership function, and the segmentation accuracy of fiber plaques is improved. For the segmentation of lipid regions, the algorithm adds homomorphic filter enhancement images, and uses OCT to transform OCT images into I in the field of neutrosophics, and further uses morphological methods to achieve high-precision segmentation. In this paper, 40 OCT images from 9 patients with typical plaques were analyzed and compared with the results of manual segmentation by doctors. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm avoids the over-segmentation and under-segmentation problems of the traditional neutrosophic theory method, and accurately segment the patch area. Therefore, the work of this paper can effectively improve the accuracy of segmentation of plaque for doctors, and assist clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease.

Analysis of the significance of cerebral perfusion imaging combined with CT angiography in the diagnosis and treatment plan of patients with ischemic stroke / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective@#To investigate the significance of cerebral perfusion imaging combined with CT angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis and treatment plan of patients with ischemic stroke.@*Methods@#Total of 44 patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in Taizhou First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to September 2018. Cerebral perfusion imaging and CTA examination were performed simultaneously within 12 h after the onset of the disease. The images of perfusion imaging were processed using an image workstation to measure the level of perfusion parameters in the ischemic region of the patient′s brain. The head and neck of the patient were measured by CTA. The angiography was performed, and the cerebral angiography results of all patients were as the gold standard. The clinical diagnosis and diagnostic efficacy of different examination methods in patients with ischemic stroke was observed and compared, and the differences in the parameters of perfusion imaging between different perfusion abnormal areas and normal control areas were compared.@*Results@#When patients′ cerebral angiography and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was as the gold standard for comparison, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and mean transit time (MTT) had the highest accuracy among all parameters of perfusion imaging. The accuracy rate of perfusion imaging+CTA was 93.2%, with a specificity of 100.0% and a sensitivity of 90.1%, which was significantly higher than that of the clinical efficacy of single diagnosis.@*Conclusions@#Perfusion imaging combined with CTA can provide important supplementary reference information for clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with ischemic stroke.

Analysis of the significance of cerebral perfusion imaging combined with CT angiography in the diagnosis and treatment plan of patients with ischemic stroke / 中国医师进修杂志

investigate the significance of cerebral perfusion imaging combined with CT angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis and treatment plan of patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Total of 44 patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in Taizhou First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to September 2018. Cerebral perfusion imaging and CTA examination were performed simultaneously within 12 h after the onset of the disease. The images of perfusion imaging were processed using an image workstation to measure the level of perfusion parameters in the ischemic region of the patient′s brain. The head and neck of the patient were measured by CTA. The angiography was performed, and the cerebral angiography results of all patients were as the gold standard. The clinical diagnosis and diagnostic efficacy of different examination methods in patients with ischemic stroke was observed and compared, and the differences in the parameters of perfusion imaging between different perfusion abnormal areas and normal control areas were compared. Results When patients′ cerebral angiography and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was as the gold standard for comparison, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and mean transit time (MTT) had the highest accuracy among all parameters of perfusion imaging. The accuracy rate of perfusion imaging +CTA was 93.2% , with a specificity of 100.0% and a sensitivity of 90.1%, which was significantly higher than that of the clinical efficacy of single diagnosis. Conclusions Perfusion imaging combined with CTA can provide important supplementary reference information for clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with ischemic stroke.

Influence of assisted reproductive technology and related factors on chromosomal abnormalities in early spontaneous abortions / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the influence of assisted reproductive technology(ART) on the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities by analyzing spontaneous abortions during the first trimester following natural conception(NC) or assisted reproductive technology(ART).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and fourteen chorionic villus samples of women with first trimester spontaneous abortion were collected. Cell culture and G-banding karyotyping analysis were carried out, which included 125 cases by in vitro fertilization(IVF), 87 cases by intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) and 102 cases by natural conception(NC).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Chromosomal aberrations were found in 167(53.2%) of the 314 cases. No significant difference was found in the spectrum of karyotypic abnormalities between NC and ART groups. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities has increased along with the maternal age. Compared with the fresh embryo-transfer(ET) group, frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET) group showed a slightly lower incidence of chromosomal abnormalities, albeit with no statistical significance(47.3% vs. 53.8%, P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fetal chromosomal abnormalities are the main cause for spontaneous abortion during the first trimester regardless the ways of conception. Their incidence is associated with maternal age. FET is relatively safe as well as fresh ET. ART is a relatively safe treatment which does not increase the rate of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.</p>

Clinical study for treating steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome by the methods of Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of the method of Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin treatment for the steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Methods A total of 80 patients with SRNS were divided into 2 groups by random number table method, 40 in each group. The control group received glucocorticoids combined with Tripterygium Glycosides;and the treatment group received Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin on the basis of the control group, 3 month as a course. The 24 h urine protein quantitative (propagated), plasma albumin, blood lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides), hemorrheology, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), urinary inhibition C (Cys C) were detected before and after the treatment of two groups, and the clinical effect was compared. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.50% (37/40) and 82.50% (33/40) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-1.966, P<0.05). After the treatment, the 24 hPRO (1.03 ± 0.64 mg vs.2.81 ± 1.43 mg,t=3.025),Cys C(0.35 ± 0.41 mg/L vs.0.76 ± 0.51 mg/L, t=3.058) of the treatment group was significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Alb(34.88 ± 2.17 mg vs. 31.69 ± 2.05 mg, t=2.986) of the treatment group was significantly higher than this of the control group (P<0.05), After treatment,the whole blood high shear viscosity(7.84 ± 1.42 mPa?s vs.8.94 ± 1.38 mPa?s,t=3.160),the whole blood low shear viscosity(4.55 ± 0.37 mPa?s vs.5.02 ± 0.44 mPa?s,t=3.825),plasma viscosity(1.33 ± 0.10 mPa?s vs.1.95 ± 0.26 mPa?s,t=2.981),hematocrit(0.28 ± 0.03 vs.0.34 ± 0.03,t=2.993),fibrinogen(3.96 ± 0.57 g/L vs.4.52 ± 0.47 g/L,t=4.863)of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The TC(5.04 ± 1.72 mmol/L vs.6.99 ± 1.06 mmol/L,t=3.67),TG(1.4 ± 0.64 mmol/L vs.2.02 ± 0.31 mmol/L, t=3.040) of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin treatment for SRNS can obviously improve the symptoms,reduce the side effects of hormone of antagonism. The possible mechanisms are to restore kidney function, improve blood viscosity and lower blood lipid levels.

Mutation spectrum of thePAH gene in phenylketonuria children in Ningxia / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To determine the mutation spectrum of the PAH gene in PKU children in Ningxia, six exons of PAH gene were sequenced in each of the 30 phenylketonuria (PKU) children. Methods 30 children diagnosed as PKU by the neonatal sereening and/or GC/MS analysis in Ningxia were enrolled in this study. Meanwhile, 30 normal children were served as controls. The exons 3、5、6、7、11 and 12 of the PAH gene were ampliifed by polymerase chain reaction. The amplicons were analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing. Results Mutations were identiifed for 51 of 60 alleles in this study, representing a mutation detection rate of 85%. A total of 16 different causative mutations were detected, including 8 missense mutations (R 241 C、R 243 Q、R 252 Q、G 257 V、R 359 K、R 408 Q、R 413 P、Q 419 R), 3 splicing mutations (IVS 4-1 G?>?A、Y 204 C、IVS 7+2 T?>?A), 3 nonsense mutations (R 111 X、Q 160 X、Y 356 X), 1 synonymous mutation (V 399 V) and 1 deletion (N 183 del). R 243 Q ( 18 . 3%) had the highest frequency of PAH mutations, and then Y 204 C ( 11 . 7%)、IVS 4-1 G?>?A ( 10 . 0%)、R 111 X ( 6 . 7%) and IVS 7+2 T?>?A ( 6 . 7%). For the ifrst time in China, two novel mutations, deletion mutation N 183 del (C. 547-549 delGAA) in exon 6 and missense mutation R 359 K (C. 1078 G?>?A) in exon 11 , were identiifed in PKU children. Two silent mutations, V 245 V (C. 735 G?>?A) and Q 232 Q (C. 696 A?>?G), were observed in PKU children and the controls, but there were no signiifcant difference between them (P?>?0 . 05 ). Conclusions The most common mutations were missense and R 243 Q had the highest frequency of mutation. The identiifcation of 2 novel mutations expands the spectrum of Chinese PAH mutations.

Hydroxyapatite-bone morphogenetic protein ossicular prosthesis versus allogeneic cartilage ossicular prosthesis for ossicular chain damage / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:There is a great dispute on the choice of repair materials for ossicular chain damage. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of new hydroxyapatite-bone morphogenetic protein ossicular prosthesis versus al ogeneic cartilage ossicular prosthesis in patients with ossicular chain damage. METHODS:Sixty patients with chronic otitis media were equal y assigned into a control group and a test group. Two groups of patients underwent tympanoplasty and ossicular chain reconstruction with al ogeneic cartilage ossicular prosthesis or hydroxyapatite-bone morphogenetic protein ossicular prosthesis, respectively. Twelve months after surgery, fol ow-up results were compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Air conduction value and air-bone gap value were both improved significantly in the two groups after surgery (P Subject headings:Tympanoplasty;Otitis Media;Bone Morphogenetic Proteins;Tissue Engineering

Quercetin inhibits human sperm functions by reducing sperm [Ca[2+]] I and tyrosine phosphorylation

Quercetin is widely known as potent natural antioxidant and scavenger of reactive oxygen species [ROS] and nitric oxide both in vitro and in vivo. Quercetin has a wide range of biological functions and health-promoting effects. There are more and more interests in the addition of this flavonol to various traditional food products. However, the in vitro toxicity of quercetin to mature human sperm remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of quercetin on human sperm functions. The results showed that the total sperm motility were significantly inhibited compared to the controls following exposure to 100, 200 and 400micro M quercetin for 6 and 12h; quercetin did not affect human sperm viability. The acrosome reaction and capacitation induced by progesterone were dose-dependently inhibited by quercetin. Furthermore, quercetin induced a significantly decrease of human sperm [Ca2[+]]i after 2 min above 50 micro M, and dose-dependently decreased the protein-tyrosine phosphorylation of human sperm. Our results indicated that quercetin may decrease sperm [Ca2[+]]i, suppresse tyrosine phosphorylation, and subsequently inhibit sperm functions

The correlation between white blood cells count of EPS and semen quality / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the correlation between the content of visible components of EPS ,and to investigate the rela‐tionship between the main parameters of semen and EPS .Methods On the basis of white blood cell count of EPS ,the patients were divided into group A (inflammatory patients ,n=189) and group B (non‐inflammatory patients ,n=94) .The density ,(a+b) activi‐ty and survival rate of sperm were detected by CASA .Results There was no linear correlation between the number of white blood cells and lecithin bodies or red blood cells .Compared with group B ,the sperm density and (a+b) level of sperm activity and surviv‐al rates of semen were significantly decreased in group A (P<0 .05 or P<0 .01) .Conclusion The number of white blood cells of EPS could affect sperm quality of the patients .

Study on Electroacupuncture in Improving Discomforts During and after Oocyte Retrieval / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture in improving discomforts during and after oocyte retrieval, for providing scientific and significant clinical evidence for the application of electroacupuncture to oocyte retrieval.Method A hundred and thirty-four outpatients receiving IVF-ET fertility treatment were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 67 in each group. The two groups both received muscular injection with Sauteralgyl 50 mg. Additionally, the treatment group was also given acupuncture at Baihui (GV20), Uterus (MA-TF, right ear), Tengtong (Extra, right), Sanyangluo (TE8, right), and Zusanli (ST36). When needling qi arrived, Tengtong (Extra) and Sanyangluo (TE8) were connected to SDZ-2 electroacupuncture apparatus. The needles were removed at the end of oocyte retrieval. For patients in the control group, oocyte retrieval was conducted 30 min after injection with Sauteralgyl. The operation duration was recorded; blood pressures before injection and at the end of surgery were measured; discomforts including dizziness, nausea, vomiting, perspiration, dry mouth, palpitation, and abdominal distension during operation were observed; discomforts (dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and lassitude) 0.5 h, 1.5 h, and 2 h after operation were observed.Result The difference in comparing oocyte retrieval duration was statistically significant between the two groups (P＜0.05); there were significant differences in comparing the occurrence rates of dizziness, perspiration, nausea, and palpitation during operation between the two groups (P＜0.05); there were significant differences in comparing dizziness, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, and lassitude between the two groups 0.5 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, and 2 h after operation (P＜0.05). The inter-group differences in dizziness, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, and lassitude were statistically significant after operation (P＜0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture is effective in relieving discomforts during and after oocyte retrieval under transvaginal ultrasound.

Analysis and treatment of abnormal results of Sysmex CA-1500 automated coagulation analyzer / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the parametric errors during the use of Sysmex CA-1500 automated coagulation analyzer and their treatment measures .Methods Blood samples with test results showing “*”and without figure results were collected .Sysmex CA-1500 automated coagulation analyzer was employed to retest prothrombin time (PT ) ,activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen(FIB) .Results FIB ,PT and APTT were found abnormal in 226 cases(95 .77% ) ,5 cases(2 .12% ) and 5 cases(2 .12% ) ,respectively ,with FIB the mainly .ERR008 ,ERR004 ,ERR016 ,ERR002 ,ERR032 and ERR100 were found abnormal in 227 cases(76 .95% ) ,64 cases(21 .69% ) ,one case(0 .34% ) ,one case(0 .34% ) ,one case(0 .34% ) and one case(0 .34% ) ,respec-tively ,with ERR008 the mainly .Difference of no-error results between the initial and repeat test of PT and APTT showed no statis-tical significance(P>0 .05) ,while those of FIB demonstrated statistical significance (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Samples with paramet-ric errors during the use of Sysmex CA-1500 automated coagulation analyzer should be retested to promote the quality of blood co-agulation detection .

Clinical effect of selective uterine artery embolization in obstetrics and gynecology postoperative bleeding / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of selective uterine artery embolization in obstetrics and gynecology postoperative bleeding.Methods The clinical data of 19 patients with obstetrics and gynecology postoperative bleeding undergoing selective uterine artery embolization were analyzed retrospectively,including 15 cases of cesarean and 4 cases of uterectomy.Results Nineteen patients were uterine artery bleeding.All patients were diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and embolization were disposable success.No complications such as organ necrosis or visceral dysfunction occurred.Conclusions DSA has advantages of minimally invasive,significant effect,less adverse reaction,quick recovery and easier to be accepted by the patients in diagnosis and interventional treatment of postoperative bleeding in obstetrics and gynecology.Selective uterine artery embolization has a wide range of application and development prospect in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Application of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method from dry blood spots for the screening of inherited metabolic disease / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the application value of liquid chromotography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in screening of inherited metabolic disease risk children ,and to provide a reference for the scientific prevention and control .Methods 246 cases of patients with inherited metabolic children blood samples were collected through the blood spots ,LC-MS/MS was used to examine blood samples from high risk cases of inherited metabolic who came from general hospital of Ningxia medical university . Results 30 cases were confirmed with inherited metabolic disease by the LC-MS/MS ,the positive rate was 12 .2% ,including 9 ca-ses of methylmalonic academia ,4 cases of isovaleric acidemia ,6 cases of phenylketonuria ,2 cases of propionic acidemia ,2 cases of citrullinemia ,1 cases of very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase ,1 cases of mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency ,1 cases of maple syrup urine disease ,3 cases of homocystinuria ,2 cases of argininesuccinic aciduria .Conclusion Liquid chromatography tan-dem mass spectrometry(L-MS/MS) technology is highly efficient and high reliability method in screening inherited metabolic dis-ease .

A correlation study of Tei index and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patients with high altitude heart disease / 中华内科杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of Tei index of right ventricle and serum level of NT-proBNP in patients with high-altitude heart disease (HAHD).MethodsRight ventricle Tei index and serum NT-proBN level were calculated and tested in 32 local healthy volunteers and 34 cases of HAHD patients hospitalized in our hospital in Golmud city (2808 meters above sea level) from 2008 to 2010,and a correlation study was conducted thereafter.ResultsThe pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and right ventricle Tei index,elevated significantly in HAHD patients compared with the control group [(86.61 vs 9.72)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) and(0.90 vs 0.33)respectively,P＜0.05].Patients diagnosed as mild pulmonary hypertension without alteration in cardiac structure showed higher pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and the Tei index compared with the control group [( 57.1 vs 9.72 )mm Hg and (0.78 vs 0.33 ) respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ].In addition,the level of serum NT-proBNP was significantly higher in HAHD group than that of control group [( 1246.8 ± 512.6) ng/L and (98.6 ± 21.7 ) ng/L respectively,P ＜ O.05 ].ConclusionRight ventricle Tei index and serum NT-proBNP level are sensitive indicators for right ventricular function and thus of favorable clinical significance for the diagnosis of HAHD.